by Claudio Parmigiani PURPOSE Allow the Apple-1 computer to generate sounds and simple melodies via BASIC or Assembler. IMPLEMENTATION A SID (Sound Interface Device, MOS 6581) has been used. It is addressed through a TTL logic, which will be explained later. Some circuitry has been added to ensure compatibility with the MOS 8580. An amplifier has also been added in order to provide an adequate output level. CIRCUIT POWER 5V is taken directly from the Expansion Bus 12V (for 6581) or 9V (for 8580) is derived from the “12V Unregulated” on the Expansion Bus. Raw voltage is about ~20V (not stabilized). A jumper is used to select the right voltage. FILTERS Typical 6581’s CAP1/CAP2 filter capacitors value is 470pF. These capacitors are present on the board. It is possible to select other capacitors by switching another couple of jumpers. Alternative capacitors must be connected to the appropriate sockets. AUDIO AMPLIFIER A simple 1-transistor (2N2222) audio amplifier is used. Output is

connected to a stereo 3.5mm jack female connector. MISCELLANEOUS POTX/POTY SID’s pin are connected to auxiliary connector, for future use. ADDRESSING Connections to /RES, R/W and ɸ2 signals are by the book, just like Data Bus (D0 to D7) and Address Bus (A0 to A4) signals. Chip Select (/CS) signal is derived from a TTL 74LS10 logic port, which provide a logic LOW signal when: Address bus is $C8xx ɸ2 is at logic HIGH level. $C8xx address is resolved as follows: HEX: C 8 0 0 ADDR LINE: A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 BIN: 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ACTION: pick "R" LOW signal pick A11 HIGH signal does not care does not care “R” signal is usually hard-wired on the CHIP SELECT section of the Mainboard of the Apple-1. It is usually connected…